feat: Sprint 1 — infrastructure + test creation

Backend:
- FastAPI + SQLAlchemy 2.0 async + Alembic
- Models: Test, Question, Answer
- API: GET /api/tests, GET /api/tests/{id}, POST /api/tests
- Pydantic validation: min 7 questions, min 3 answers, ≥1 correct

Frontend:
- React 18 + TypeScript + Vite + Ant Design + TanStack Query
- Pages: TestList, TestCreate (nested Form.List), TestDetail

Infrastructure:
- Docker Compose: db (postgres:16), backend, frontend, nginx
- Nginx: /api/ → FastAPI, / → Vite dev server with HMR
- Alembic migration 001_init: tests, questions, answers tables
- entrypoint.sh: wait for db, migrate, start uvicorn

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

backend/app/api/tests.py

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException
+from sqlalchemy import select
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
+from sqlalchemy.orm import selectinload
+
+from app.database import get_db
+from app.models.test import Answer, Question, Test
+from app.schemas.test import TestCreate, TestListItem, TestOut
+
+router = APIRouter(prefix="/api/tests", tags=["tests"])
+
+
+@router.get("", response_model=list[TestListItem])
+async def list_tests(db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db)):
+    result = await db.execute(
+        select(Test)
+        .options(selectinload(Test.questions))
+        .where(Test.is_active == True)
+        .order_by(Test.created_at.desc())
+    )
+    tests = result.scalars().all()
+
+    items = []
+    for test in tests:
+        item = TestListItem.model_validate(test)
+        item.questions_count = len(test.questions)
+        items.append(item)
+
+    return items
+
+
+@router.get("/{test_id}", response_model=TestOut)
+async def get_test(test_id: int, db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db)):
+    result = await db.execute(
+        select(Test)
+        .options(selectinload(Test.questions).selectinload(Question.answers))
+        .where(Test.id == test_id, Test.is_active == True)
+    )
+    test = result.scalar_one_or_none()
+    if not test:
+        raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Тест не найден")
+    return test
+
+
+@router.post("", response_model=TestOut, status_code=201)
+async def create_test(data: TestCreate, db: AsyncSession = Depends(get_db)):
+    test = Test(
+        title=data.title,
+        description=data.description,
+        passing_score=data.passing_score,
+        time_limit=data.time_limit,
+        allow_navigation_back=data.allow_navigation_back,
+    )
+    db.add(test)
+    await db.flush()
+
+    for order, q_data in enumerate(data.questions):
+        question = Question(test_id=test.id, text=q_data.text, order=order)
+        db.add(question)
+        await db.flush()
+
+        for a_data in q_data.answers:
+            db.add(Answer(
+                question_id=question.id,
+                text=a_data.text,
+                is_correct=a_data.is_correct,
+            ))
+
+    await db.commit()
+
+    # Перезагружаем с вложенными связями
+    result = await db.execute(
+        select(Test)
+        .options(selectinload(Test.questions).selectinload(Question.answers))
+        .where(Test.id == test.id)
+    )
+    return result.scalar_one()

backend/app/config.py

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+from pydantic_settings import BaseSettings
+
+
+class Settings(BaseSettings):
+    database_url: str = "postgresql+asyncpg://qa_user:qa_password@db:5432/qa_test"
+
+    class Config:
+        env_file = ".env"
+
+
+settings = Settings()

backend/app/database.py

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import create_async_engine, async_sessionmaker, AsyncSession
+from sqlalchemy.orm import DeclarativeBase
+
+from app.config import settings
+
+engine = create_async_engine(settings.database_url, echo=True)
+
+AsyncSessionLocal = async_sessionmaker(engine, expire_on_commit=False)
+
+
+class Base(DeclarativeBase):
+    pass
+
+
+async def get_db() -> AsyncSession:
+    async with AsyncSessionLocal() as session:
+        yield session

backend/app/main.py

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+from fastapi import FastAPI
+from fastapi.middleware.cors import CORSMiddleware
+
+from app.api import tests
+
+app = FastAPI(title="QA Test App API", version="0.1.0")
+
+app.add_middleware(
+    CORSMiddleware,
+    allow_origins=["*"],
+    allow_methods=["*"],
+    allow_headers=["*"],
+)
+
+app.include_router(tests.router)
+
+
+@app.get("/api/health")
+async def health():
+    return {"status": "ok"}

backend/app/models/test.py

@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+from datetime import datetime
+
+from sqlalchemy import Boolean, DateTime, ForeignKey, Integer, String, Text
+from sqlalchemy.orm import Mapped, mapped_column, relationship
+from sqlalchemy.sql import func
+
+from app.database import Base
+
+
+class Test(Base):
+    __tablename__ = "tests"
+
+    id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(Integer, primary_key=True)
+    title: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(255), nullable=False)
+    description: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=True)
+    passing_score: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(Integer, nullable=False)
+    time_limit: Mapped[int | None] = mapped_column(Integer, nullable=True)  # минуты
+    allow_navigation_back: Mapped[bool] = mapped_column(Boolean, default=True, nullable=False)
+    is_active: Mapped[bool] = mapped_column(Boolean, default=True, nullable=False)
+    version: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(Integer, default=1, nullable=False)
+    created_at: Mapped[datetime] = mapped_column(
+        DateTime(timezone=True), server_default=func.now()
+    )
+
+    questions: Mapped[list["Question"]] = relationship(
+        "Question", back_populates="test", cascade="all, delete-orphan"
+    )
+
+
+class Question(Base):
+    __tablename__ = "questions"
+
+    id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(Integer, primary_key=True)
+    test_id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(Integer, ForeignKey("tests.id"), nullable=False)
+    text: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=False)
+    order: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(Integer, nullable=False)
+
+    test: Mapped["Test"] = relationship("Test", back_populates="questions")
+    answers: Mapped[list["Answer"]] = relationship(
+        "Answer", back_populates="question", cascade="all, delete-orphan"
+    )
+
+
+class Answer(Base):
+    __tablename__ = "answers"
+
+    id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(Integer, primary_key=True)
+    question_id: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(
+        Integer, ForeignKey("questions.id"), nullable=False
+    )
+    text: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(Text, nullable=False)
+    is_correct: Mapped[bool] = mapped_column(Boolean, nullable=False)
+
+    question: Mapped["Question"] = relationship("Question", back_populates="answers")

backend/app/schemas/test.py

@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+from datetime import datetime
+from typing import Optional
+
+from pydantic import BaseModel, Field, field_validator
+
+
+class AnswerCreate(BaseModel):
+    text: str = Field(min_length=1)
+    is_correct: bool
+
+
+class AnswerOut(BaseModel):
+    id: int
+    text: str
+    is_correct: bool
+
+    model_config = {"from_attributes": True}
+
+
+class QuestionCreate(BaseModel):
+    text: str = Field(min_length=1)
+    answers: list[AnswerCreate]
+
+    @field_validator("answers")
+    @classmethod
+    def validate_answers(cls, v: list[AnswerCreate]) -> list[AnswerCreate]:
+        if len(v) < 3:
+            raise ValueError("Минимум 3 варианта ответа на вопрос")
+        if not any(a.is_correct for a in v):
+            raise ValueError("Хотя бы один ответ должен быть правильным")
+        return v
+
+
+class QuestionOut(BaseModel):
+    id: int
+    text: str
+    order: int
+    answers: list[AnswerOut]
+
+    model_config = {"from_attributes": True}
+
+
+class TestCreate(BaseModel):
+    title: str = Field(min_length=1, max_length=255)
+    description: Optional[str] = None
+    passing_score: int = Field(ge=0, le=100)
+    time_limit: Optional[int] = Field(None, ge=1)
+    allow_navigation_back: bool = True
+    questions: list[QuestionCreate]
+
+    @field_validator("questions")
+    @classmethod
+    def validate_questions(cls, v: list[QuestionCreate]) -> list[QuestionCreate]:
+        if len(v) < 7:
+            raise ValueError("Минимум 7 вопросов в тесте")
+        return v
+
+
+class TestOut(BaseModel):
+    id: int
+    title: str
+    description: Optional[str]
+    passing_score: int
+    time_limit: Optional[int]
+    allow_navigation_back: bool
+    is_active: bool
+    version: int
+    created_at: datetime
+    questions: list[QuestionOut] = []
+
+    model_config = {"from_attributes": True}
+
+
+class TestListItem(BaseModel):
+    id: int
+    title: str
+    description: Optional[str]
+    passing_score: int
+    time_limit: Optional[int]
+    is_active: bool
+    version: int
+    created_at: datetime
+    questions_count: int = 0
+
+    model_config = {"from_attributes": True}